Bookshelf Environmental, Social and Health Impact Assessment (ESHIA) Process. In 2009, an HIA was conducted to ensure that health impacts were considered in the design and development of The Crossings and in the broader policies that affected redevelopment in the area. For example, in Oregon, an independent health-oriented nonprofit organization conducted an HIA of a series of proposals to reduce vehicle miles traveled in a bill intended to reduce greenhouse- gas emissions (UPH 2009). Although rapid or desktop HIAs may not involve stakeholders or consider their input, this often (although not uniformly) reflects a pragmatic response to limitations, such as the timeframe for the decision or resources available to the HIA team, rather than an optimal practice. Key elements of community health include: Identifying top public health concerns within the specific geographic area, such as environmental and social factors that affect healthy life choices. The discussion recognizes that the practice of HIA varies because it is adapted for use in different decision-making contexts. HIAs are also done by private consultants who are hired by a project proponent or decision-maker or by private-industry stakeholders. Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. Turnock B. Bennear LS, Olmstead SM. Health Impact Assessment for Regeneration Projects. 2007). The goal was to incorporate health considerations into the decision-making process by predicting health consequences, informing decision makers and the public about health impacts, and providing realistic recommendations to prevent or mitigate negative health outcomes (p. 9). MAPP brings four assessments together to drive the development of a community strategic plan MAPP Framework Organizing Visioning Assessments Strategic Issues Goals/Strategies Action Cycle Organize for Success Organizing the planning process and developing partnerships Organize for Success Determine the necessity of undertaking the MAPP process. Reporting: Legislation on Paid Sick Days. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. It recommends measures, in the context of the proposed action, to protect and promote health and reduce health disparities. Cancer risk associated with exposure to hazardous chemicals. It is also common for local, state, or tribal health departments to undertake an HIA to inform another agencys decision-making. Assessing the Health Impacts of Road Pricing Policy Proposals. Castro A, Chen L, Edison B, Huang J, Mitha K, Orkin M, Tejani Z, Tu D, Wells L, Yeh J. Cave B, Curtis S. Developing a practical guide to assess the potential health impact of urban regeneration schemes. The first is to create a profile of the population affected, which includes information on the demographics, baseline health status, and social, economic, and environmental conditions that are important to health. Screening is often not well documented, and it is often not clear from an HIA report what factors were considered in making the decision to do an HIA. Within several of these components, we discuss characteristics that are critical to improving community health. Such programs and projects involve many agencies and entities that have authority over some aspect of planning and implementation. The committee is not endorsing the HIAs or the recommendations, but simply providing examples. For example, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health responded to citizen concerns regarding a proposed power plant by considering whether HIA would be an appropriate way to address them (McAuliffe 2009). Scoping identifies appropriate data sources for the analysis and should also identify important data gaps. It is also highly likely to lead to improved compliance with public-health guidance regarding seasonal influenza and community mitigation strategies for pandemic influenza. In contrast, effects that are likely but less well supported include increased ambulatory or preventive primary care, fewer emergency-room visits by workers who are insured, and greater compliance with infection-control policies.
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