[12], The Golden Bull of 1082, issued by Alexios I Komnenos in return for their defense of the Adriatic Sea against the Normans,[13] granted Venetian merchants with duty-free trading rights, exempt from tax, throughout the Byzantine Empire in 23 of the most important Byzantine ports, guaranteed them property-right protections from Byzantine administrators, and given them buildings and wharfs within Constantinople. Most organizations would be happy to last for centuries, as the Venetian Republic did. Scattered throughout Venice are small boatyards and other traditional luxury craft workshops producing lace, textiles, and furniture. Proudly powered by WordPress | Veronica Franco and Venetian Courtesans - Ancient Digger B uckingham Palace's picture gallery contains some of the greatest paintings of western civilisation: 16th-century Titians, 17th-century Rembrandts, as . 1: Coins and Moneys of Account, Vol. Joseph T Noony on Twitter: "In all this noise about per capita income Venice Reconsidered: The History and Civilization of an Italian City-State, 12971797 ( Oxford, JHU Press, 2003). The populace did not take it lying down, there were succession of revolts and protests, culminating in an armed insurrection in 1310 that was nearly successful. Egalitarian institutions and economic mobility threatened the power of Venice's elites, and they used their wealth and power to choke off competition, ending Venice's dominance. These major objectives are emphasized in much of Counter-Reformatory literature, particularly womens acquisition of strong religious morals aimed at preserving chastity until matrimony as well as the pursuit of the practical skills of preserving and managing their husbands property and wealth. Another important aspect of the city-state was its relative independence from the Papacy. Venice- 16th Cenutry, Othello by Emma Thornton - Prezi The Rialto Bridge and surrounding streets remain crowded with market stalls. These included Titian (1498-1575) and Giorgione (c. 1477/81510). Earn badges to share on LinkedIn and your resume. However, they could not afford to pay for their passage. Moreover, its Arsenal was no longer at the cutting edge of naval technology. In 969, Constantinople regained control of Eastern Mediterranean. Venices economic importance had sharply contracted by the time Napoleon invaded, bringing the Venetian Empire to an official end. Also available and helpful were to float loans, used as a kind of traders' money, circulating from hand to hand. This need supplied the reason for Venices intervention in the Italian crisis of the emperor Charles V; for its struggle against the Turks, from the defeat of Prveza in 1538 to the victory of Lepanto and the loss of Cyprus in 1571; and for its tenacious resistance to pressure from the pope. The Arabian conquest of Jerusalem caused a long lasting deviation of trade routes to Baghdad and Tabriz. At the beginning of the 16th century, only Paris, Naples, Venice, and Istanbul had populations of over 100,000. The enduring foundation of Venetian wealth was maritime commerce, initially in local products such as fish and salt from the lagoon, but rapidly expanding to include rich stores of merchandise as Venice became the entrept between Europe and the Middle East and Asia. Venice and Print. From the paper: By the early fourteenth century, financial innovations included: the appearance of limited liability joint stock companies; thick markets for debt (especially bills of exchange); secondarymarkets for a wide variety of debt, equity and mortgage instruments; bankruptcy laws thatdistinguished illiquidity from insolvency; double-entry accounting methods; business education(including the use of algebra for currency conversions); deposit banking; and a reliable medium ofexchange (the Venetian ducat). Venices conquest of the Polesine region (1484) increased the opposition of the other Italian states to Venetian territorial expansion. This table from the paperperfectlysums up the restrictions: Over time as political power and wealth grew increasingly concentrated, and the egalitarian institutions that had made Venice so wealthy eroded, the city declined as a maritime and economic power. In addition Italian traders were used to means of payment, which could help avoiding transportation of gold and silver which were expensive and dangerous. Although the Venetian government was always doctrinally Catholic and concerned with the religious faith of its inhabitants, it usually did not concern itself with the origin and background of those New Christians who upon arriving in Venice went directly to the ghetto and there assumed Judaism and henceforth lived . The Salt Office collected 165,000 ducats net of costs in 1464, or around 15% of the entire income of the Venetian state. Painting and history in Renaissance Venice (London, Blackwell, 1984), p 113, What was Raphael's contribution to the Renaissance, How did Brunelleschi influence the Italian Renaissance, How did Leonardo Da Vinci influence the Renaissance, Are the travels of Marco Polo fact or fiction, Top Ten Books on The Medici Family during the Renaissance, How Historically Accurate Is the Medici Season 2, https://dailyhistory.org/index.php?title=What_was_the_contribution_of_Venice_to_the_Italian_Renaissance&oldid=23656. By and by Venice lost its colonies and its monopoly for the trade in the Adriatic Sea. [5] Before 785 already, Venetian traders resided in Ravenna and in the so-called Pentapolis, men that had been "expelled" by the Franks in 787/791. The celebrated practice of courtesanship supplied the island-republic with an exotic flare that set Venice apart from many other European cities. See also: Pictures Documenting Greece's Ruined Economy. 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